ESP485

简介

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群友Carl的详细教程

最近Home Assistant新增了能源模块，公司的项目又正好是数据采集相关的，看了下市面上卖的Modbus透传模块价格都不低，于是有了自己做的想法。请教硬件朋友，拿到了最简单的485转TTL电路。等了很久最近ESPHome终于初步支持了基于RISC-V架构的ESP32-C3（极低功耗、CPU温度、蓝牙5.0、160 MHz...非常强）。于是直接二者结合，搞出了指甲盖大小的485透传模块。把模块和变压器塞进了正泰导轨式模数化插座里（一举两得），测试电表用的是正泰的DDSU666（理论上支持所有Modbus设备数据透传）

硬件

材料清单

清单只包含关键材料，不包含焊接工具、线材、刷机工具等辅助工具

一定要买MODBUS版本额电表！！！

名称	型号	数量	PCB标注	链接
ESP-C3-13U	4M	1	ESP-C3-13U	购买
AMS1117-3.3 稳压电源芯片降压IC	AMS1117-3.3	1	U1	购买
MAX13487EESA SOIC-8	-	1	U2	购买
0603贴片电阻 4.7KΩ	-	1	R1/R2	购买
0603贴片电容 50V 100NF ±10%	-	1	C1	购买
2.4G内置柔性FPC软天线	IPEX接头	1	-	购买
220V转5V700mA电源模块	5V700mA	1	-	购买
正泰DDSU666	5-80A ModBus	1	-	购买
正泰模数化插座	AC30-103	1	-	购买

焊接

按PCB标注焊接即可，注意ESP-C3-13U的焊接，缝隙很小，一定要对齐

软件

ESPHome

这里参考

substitutions:
  device_name: esp485

esphome:
  name: ${device_name}
  platformio_options:
    platform: https://github.com/tasmota/platform-espressif32.git#Tasmota/203
    platform_packages:
      - framework-arduinoespressif32@https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32.git#2.0.3
    board_build.flash_mode: dio
  on_boot:
    - priority: 600
      then:
        - esp32_ble_tracker.stop_scan:
    - priority: 200
      then:
        - esp32_ble_tracker.start_scan:

esp32:
  board: esp32-c3-devkitm-1
  framework:
    type: arduino

logger:

api:
  password: !secret api_password

ota:
  password: !secret ota_password

wifi:
  ssid: !secret wifi_ssid
  password: !secret wifi_password
  fast_connect: on

web_server:
  port: 80

button:
  - platform: restart
    name: ${device_name}_reboot
  
time:
  - platform: sntp
    id: ${device_name}_time
  
uart:
  id: ${device_name}_uart
  rx_pin: 18
  tx_pin: 19
  baud_rate: 9600
  data_bits: 8
  stop_bits: 1

modbus:
  id: ${device_name}_modbus
  send_wait_time: 200ms

modbus_controller:
  - id: ${device_name}_modbus_controller
    modbus_id: ${device_name}_modbus
    address: 0x01
    command_throttle: 200ms
    setup_priority: -10
    update_interval: 10s

sensor:
  - platform: modbus_controller
    modbus_controller_id: ${device_name}_modbus_controller
    id: ${device_name}_modbus_u
    name: U
    address: 0x2000
    register_count: 2
    unit_of_measurement: V
    register_type: holding
    value_type: FP32
    accuracy_decimals: 1
    device_class: voltage
    
  - platform: modbus_controller
    modbus_controller_id: ${device_name}_modbus_controller
    id: ${device_name}_modbus_i
    name: I
    address: 0x2002
    register_count: 2
    unit_of_measurement: A
    register_type: holding
    value_type: FP32
    accuracy_decimals: 3
    device_class: current
    
  - platform: modbus_controller
    modbus_controller_id: ${device_name}_modbus_controller
    id: ${device_name}_modbus_p
    name: P
    address: 0x2004
    register_count: 2
    unit_of_measurement: W
    register_type: holding
    value_type: FP32
    accuracy_decimals: 1
    filters:
      - multiply: 1000
    device_class: power
    
  - platform: modbus_controller
    modbus_controller_id: ${device_name}_modbus_controller
    id: ${device_name}_modbus_q
    name: Q
    address: 0x2006
    register_count: 2
    unit_of_measurement: var
    register_type: holding
    value_type: FP32
    accuracy_decimals: 1
    filters:
      - multiply: 1000
    device_class: power
    
  - platform: modbus_controller
    modbus_controller_id: ${device_name}_modbus_controller
    id: ${device_name}_modbus_s
    name: S
    address: 0x2008
    register_count: 2
    unit_of_measurement: VA
    register_type: holding
    value_type: FP32
    accuracy_decimals: 1
    filters:
      - multiply: 1000
    device_class: power
    
  - platform: modbus_controller
    modbus_controller_id: ${device_name}_modbus_controller
    id: ${device_name}_modbus_pf
    name: PF
    address: 0x200A
    register_count: 2
    register_type: holding
    value_type: FP32
    accuracy_decimals: 3
    device_class: power_factor
    
  - platform: modbus_controller
    modbus_controller_id: ${device_name}_modbus_controller
    id: ${device_name}_modbus_freq
    name: Freq
    address: 0x200E
    register_count: 2
    unit_of_measurement: Hz
    register_type: holding
    value_type: FP32
    accuracy_decimals: 2
    
  - platform: modbus_controller
    modbus_controller_id: ${device_name}_modbus_controller
    id: ${device_name}_modbus_ep
    name: Ep
    address: 0x4000
    register_count: 2
    unit_of_measurement: kWh
    register_type: holding
    value_type: FP32
    accuracy_decimals: 2
    device_class: energy
    state_class: total_increasing
    filters:
      - median:
          window_size: 3
          send_every: 3

# 重置Ep 群友提供未验证
switch:
  - platform: modbus_controller
    modbus_controller_id: ${device_name}_modbus_controller
    id: ${device_name}_modbus_ep_reset
    name: Ep_Reset
    custom_command: [0x01, 0x10, 0x00, 0x02, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x00, 0x01]

固件

请参考 ESPMMW

HASS

打开HA管理界面（默认端口8123），点击配置，集成，添加集成，搜ESPHome，输入IP，#api密码#就可以接入模块了。能源里添加如下图

Modbus-RTU

Modbus一般分Modbus-TCP和Modbus-RTU两个种，收发报文有所区别，这里不做过多介绍网上资料很多。我这里介绍Modbus-RTU的，Modbus-TCP由于没有设备无法测试。一般设备厂商设备说明书里都会提供地址说明（有的可以从官网下到），直接看图

DDSU666说明书

DIY

请参考之前DIY的步骤

注意

1、EPS-C3-13U进入下载模式只需要通电前将IO9接地，接法如下图

2、外壳和变压器安装注意做好绝缘